1946’da \u00e7ok partili hayata ge\u00e7ilmesinin ard\u0131ndan, 1950’de iktidara gelen Demokrat Partinin (DP) iktidar\u0131n\u0131n 10. y\u0131l\u0131nda, T\u00fcrk Silahl\u0131 Kuvvetleri i\u00e7erisindeki baz\u0131 general ve subaylar\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu Milli Birlik Komitesi, “DP’nin \u00fclkeyi bask\u0131 rejimine ve karde\u015f kavgas\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc” ileri s\u00fcrerek, 27 May\u0131s 1960’ta sabaha kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00f6netime el koydu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Anayasa ve TBMM feshedildi, siyasi faaliyetler ask\u0131ya al\u0131nd\u0131. Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Celal Bayar, Ba\u015fbakan Adnan Menderes’in de aralar\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu baz\u0131 yetkililer g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
14 Ekim 1960’ta ba\u015flayan Yass\u0131ada yarg\u0131lamalar\u0131, 15 Eyl\u00fcl 1961’de karara ba\u011fland\u0131. 592 san\u0131ktan 288’i i\u00e7in idam istendi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Karar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayan Y\u00fcksek Adalet Divan\u0131, 15 san\u0131\u011f\u0131 idam cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131rd\u0131. Eski Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Celal Bayar, eski Ba\u015fbakan Adnan Menderes, eski D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Fatin R\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc Zorlu, eski Maliye Bakan\u0131 Hasan Polatkan’\u0131n idam kararlar\u0131 oy birli\u011fiyle al\u0131nd\u0131. Celal Bayar hakk\u0131ndaki karar, ya\u015f haddi nedeniyle m\u00fcebbet hapis cezas\u0131na \u00e7evrildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Milli Birlik Komitesi’nin idam kararlar\u0131n\u0131 15 Eyl\u00fcl’de onaylamas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan 16 Eyl\u00fcl 1961’de \u0130mral\u0131 Adas\u0131’ndaki cezaevine getirilen Polatkan ve Zorlu’nun cezalar\u0131 sabaha kar\u015f\u0131 infaz edildi. 10 y\u0131l ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k yapan Adnan Menderes ise 17 Eyl\u00fcl 1961’de sa\u011fl\u0131k muayenesini yapan doktor heyetinden “sa\u011flam” raporu al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, \u0130mral\u0131 Adas\u0131’na g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00fcrk demokrasisi, 16-17 Eyl\u00fcl 1961 tarihlerinde en kara g\u00fcnlerinden birini ya\u015fad\u0131. 1950 se\u00e7imlerinde y\u00fczde 52,7 oyla iktidara gelen ve 10 y\u0131l ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k yapan Adnan Menderes ile arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n idam\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinden 64 y\u0131l ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ayd\u0131nl\u0131 \u00e7ift\u00e7i bir ailenin \u00e7ocu\u011fu olarak d\u00fcnyaya gelen Menderes, siyasete 1930’da, Serbest Cumhuriyet F\u0131rkas\u0131’n\u0131n bir kolunu organize ederek ba\u015flad\u0131. Partinin kendini feshetmesinden sonra CHP’ye ge\u00e7en Menderes, 1931 se\u00e7imlerinde Ayd\u0131n milletvekili se\u00e7ildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc ile “\u00c7ift\u00e7iyi Toprakland\u0131rma Kanunu” g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen Menderes, parti i\u00e7i muhalefetten dolay\u0131 1945 y\u0131l\u0131nda CHP’den ihra\u00e7 edildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Adnan Menderes, CHP’den birlikte ihra\u00e7 edildikleri arkada\u015flar\u0131 Celal Bayar, Fuad K\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fc ve Refik Koraltan ile Demokrat Parti’yi kurdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
DP, 14 May\u0131s 1950’deki se\u00e7imlerde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ba\u015far\u0131ya imza atarak y\u00fczde 52,7 oyla 420 milletvekili \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. CHP ise ayn\u0131 se\u00e7imde y\u00fczde 39,4 oy ile 63 milletvekili \u00e7\u0131karabildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
TBMM Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na Refik Koraltan, Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na DP Genel Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Celal Bayar se\u00e7ilirken yeni h\u00fck\u00fcmet ise Adnan Menderes ba\u015fbakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kurularak 22 May\u0131s’ta g\u00f6reve ba\u015flad\u0131. K\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fc, bu kabinede d\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri bakan\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Adnan Menderes’in 10 y\u0131ll\u0131k ba\u015fbakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6neminde T\u00fcrk i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fimler oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Birinci Menderes H\u00fck\u00fcmeti’nin ilk icraat\u0131 “fazla masraf oldu\u011fu” gerek\u00e7esiyle devlete ait otomobilleri satmak oldu. Menderes d\u00f6neminde paralara mevcut cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n resminin bas\u0131lmas\u0131 uygulamas\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu uygulamayla T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin kurucusu ve ilk Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn resimleri tekrar paralara bas\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Menderes H\u00fck\u00fcmeti, Arap\u00e7a ezan okuma yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rarak dini \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7t\u0131. E\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131ndan laiklik ad\u0131na kald\u0131r\u0131lan din e\u011fitimi de Menderes d\u00f6neminde, d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131ftan itibaren velinin iste\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak yeniden verilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Menderes H\u00fck\u00fcmeti taraf\u0131ndan, 25 Temmuz 1950’deki Bakanlar Kurulu toplant\u0131s\u0131nda, Kore’ye askeri bir kuvvet g\u00f6nderilmesine karar verildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00fcrk askerinin Kore’deki ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye’nin NATO’ya \u00fcye olmas\u0131nda etkili oldu. T\u00fcrkiye taraf\u0131ndan NATO’ya girmek i\u00e7in ilk ba\u015fvuru 11 May\u0131s 1950’de yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Adnan Menderes H\u00fck\u00fcmeti d\u00f6neminde ise T\u00fcrkiye, 1952’de NATO’ya tam \u00fcye kabul edildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Devletin ekonomik hayata m\u00fcdahalesini yo\u011fun \u015fekilde ele\u015ftiren Menderes, iktidara geldi\u011fi ilk g\u00fcnden itibaren ekonomide liberal bir politika izledi. Menderes’in politikalar\u0131yla ekonomide kalk\u0131nma d\u00f6nemine giren T\u00fcrkiye’de, serbest piyasa ekonomisine ge\u00e7i\u015fe h\u0131z verildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130thalata getirilen k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131 kald\u0131ran Menderes h\u00fck\u00fcmeti taraf\u0131ndan kredi faizleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclerek \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn daha fazla kredi kullan\u0131m\u0131 te\u015fvik edildi. Yabanc\u0131 sermaye giri\u015fini te\u015fvik etmek amac\u0131yla yasal mevzuat haz\u0131rlanarak K\u0130T’lerin \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6re devri \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00dclkede yeni sanayi tesisleri, 1954 y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye Vak\u0131flar Bankas\u0131 kuruldu. Bu d\u00f6nemde T\u00fcrkiye’nin gayrisafi milli has\u0131las\u0131 y\u0131lda ortalama y\u00fczde 9 b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2 May\u0131s 1954’te yap\u0131lan genel se\u00e7imlere kat\u0131l\u0131m, hi\u00e7bir kanuni zorlama olmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen y\u00fczde 88,63 gibi olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksek oranda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. DP, y\u00fczde 56 oy oran\u0131yla Cumhuriyet tarihinin en y\u00fcksek oyunu ald\u0131 ve Meclis’teki milletvekili sandalyelerinin y\u00fczde 93’\u00fcn\u00fc kazand\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Demokrat Parti’nin 1954’te kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu zaferin ard\u0131ndan, K\u0131br\u0131s’ta ya\u015fanan sorunlar t\u00fcm a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla hissedilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u0131br\u0131s konusunun m\u00fczakere edilmesi i\u00e7in 29 A\u011fustos 1955’te ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen Londra Konferans\u0131’ndan, T\u00fcrkiye’de ya\u015fanan “6-7 Eyl\u00fcl olaylar\u0131” nedeniyle bir sonu\u00e7 al\u0131namad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
“Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn Selanik’teki evinin bombaland\u0131\u011f\u0131”na ili\u015fkin haberlerle ba\u015flayan “6-7 Eyl\u00fcl olaylar\u0131”, s\u0131k\u0131y\u00f6netim ilan edilerek ancak bast\u0131r\u0131labildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Olaylar bast\u0131r\u0131lana kadar \u0130stanbul’da Rumlara ait \u00e7ok say\u0131da kilise, okul, i\u015f yeri ya\u011fmaland\u0131, yak\u0131ld\u0131. Binlerce Rum, uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 topraklardan ayr\u0131lmak zorunda kald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u0131br\u0131s konusunda 11 \u015eubat 1959’da imzalanan Londra ve Z\u00fcrih anla\u015fmalar\u0131 ile ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k, iki toplumun ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, toplumsal alanda otonomi ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye, Yunanistan ve \u0130ngiltere taraf\u0131ndan garanti edilmesi ilkelerine dayand\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Bu da K\u0131br\u0131s Cumhuriyeti’nin resmen 16 A\u011fustos 1960’ta kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan s\u00fcrecin en \u00f6nemli ad\u0131m\u0131 oldu. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te Ba\u015fbakan Menderes’in yan\u0131 s\u0131ra D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Fatin R\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc Zorlu etkin rol \u00fcstlendi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
17 \u015eubat 1959’da K\u0131br\u0131s konusunda Yunanistan’la imzalanan ikili antla\u015fman\u0131n ard\u0131ndan \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler i\u00e7in \u0130ngiltere’ye giden Menderes’in u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131, Londra Gatwick Havaliman\u0131 yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda al\u00e7al\u0131rken d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Menderes bu kazadan yara almadan kurtuldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
DP, 27 Ekim 1957’de yap\u0131lan genel se\u00e7imlerde y\u00fczde 9,3’l\u00fck kay\u0131pla y\u00fczde 47,30 oy ald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Menderes, se\u00e7imlerin ard\u0131ndan parti i\u00e7inde \u00f6z ele\u015ftiriye giderek se\u00e7im sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fkilat\u0131n yeterince \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131na, bas\u0131nda yer alan yalan haberlere ba\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00fcrk Silahl\u0131 Kuvvetleri i\u00e7indeki baz\u0131 general ve subaylar\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu 38 ki\u015filik Milli Birlik Komitesi, 27 May\u0131s 1960’ta y\u00f6netimi ele ge\u00e7irdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Darbeciler, TBMM ve Anayasa’y\u0131 feshetti ve siyasi faaliyetleri ask\u0131ya ald\u0131. Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Celal Bayar, Ba\u015fbakan Adnan Menderes, DP’li milletvekilleri, h\u00fck\u00fcmet \u00fcyeleri, Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Orgeneral R\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc Erdelhun ile baz\u0131 \u00fcst d\u00fczey kamu g\u00f6revlileri g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Adnan Menderes, ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn yurt gezisi kapsam\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu K\u00fctahya’da Albay Muhsin Batur taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131narak Ankara’ya g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc ve daha sonra di\u011fer tutuklu DP \u00fcyeleriyle Yass\u0131ada’da hapsedildi. Menderes ve di\u011fer DP \u00fcyeleri, bulunduklar\u0131 Yass\u0131ada’da kurulan Y\u00fcksek Adalet Divan\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yarg\u0131lanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Menderes ve h\u00fck\u00fcmet \u00fcyelerinin yarg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 davalar Yass\u0131ada Spor Salonu’nda g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Celal Bayar’\u0131n “1 numaral\u0131” san\u0131k oldu\u011fu davada, d\u00f6nemin Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Menderes ise onun yan\u0131ndaki sandalyede oturdu. T\u00fcrk halk\u0131, “demokrasi getirece\u011fini iddia ederek demokrasiyi yarg\u0131layan” davalar\u0131 “Yass\u0131ada Saati” program\u0131yla radyodan takip etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mahkeme s\u00fcrecinde san\u0131klara k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele edildi\u011fi de g\u00fcndeme geldi. Darbecilerin, “D\u00fc\u015f\u00fckler Yass\u0131ada’da” ismiyle san\u0131klar\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek amac\u0131yla \u00e7ektikleri film de d\u00f6nemin kabul edilemez g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri aras\u0131na girdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
San\u0131klar\u0131n Yass\u0131ada’ya gidi\u015fleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc \u00e7ekilmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in Bayar ve Menderes’in yeniden motordan indirilerek adaya getirildikleri anlar bir kurmaca i\u00e7inde \u00e7ekildi. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te Menderes ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere hi\u00e7bir san\u0131\u011fa savunma hakk\u0131 tan\u0131nmad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Davalarda, Hakim Salim Ba\u015fol’un “Anlat\u0131n, buralara cevap verin” s\u00f6zleri \u00fczerine “Arz edeyim efendim” \u015feklinde iddialara cevap vermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Menderes’in s\u00f6zleri hep “K\u0131sa kes” ifadeleriyle yar\u0131m b\u0131rakt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Be\u015f ay sonra ilk kez hakim kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan Menderes, ruh halini \u015fu s\u00f6zlerle anlatt\u0131:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
“D\u00f6rt-be\u015f aydan beri tamam\u0131yla tecrit vaziyetinde bulunuyorum ve tek bir odan\u0131n i\u00e7inde ve g\u00fcn\u00fcn 24 saatinde her saat de\u011fi\u015fen bir n\u00f6bet\u00e7i subay\u0131n nezareti alt\u0131nda hi\u00e7 kimse ile konu\u015fmak imkan\u0131 mevcut olmamak \u015fart\u0131 ile ya\u015f\u0131yorum. Bu itibarla konu\u015fma takatim hakikaten zaafa u\u011fram\u0131\u015f bulunuyor.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yass\u0131ada’daki yarg\u0131lamalar, 14 Ekim 1960’ta ba\u015flay\u0131p 15 Eyl\u00fcl 1961’de karara ba\u011fland\u0131. Toplam 19 dosyada toplanan davalar “anayasay\u0131 ihlal” davas\u0131yla birle\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tutuklular “vatana ihanet, Meclis i\u00e7 t\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi, K\u0131r\u015fehir’in il\u00e7e yap\u0131lmas\u0131, CHP’nin mallar\u0131na el koymak”tan su\u00e7lu bulundu. Yass\u0131ada duru\u015fmalar\u0131nda, 6-7 Eyl\u00fcl olaylar\u0131ndan da DP sorumlu tutuldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
592 san\u0131ktan 288’i i\u00e7in idam istendi. Y\u00fcksek Adalet Divan\u0131, 15 san\u0131\u011f\u0131 idam cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131rd\u0131. Eski Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Celal Bayar, eski Ba\u015fbakan Adnan Menderes, eski D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Fatin R\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc Zorlu, eski Maliye Bakan\u0131 Hasan Polatkan’\u0131n idam kararlar\u0131 oy birli\u011fiyle al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mahkemede, Menderes ve 14 ki\u015finin idam\u0131na, 31 ki\u015finin de \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu hapse mahkum edilmesine karar verildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bir\u00e7ok yabanc\u0131 \u00fclke lideri, idamlar\u0131n durdurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in Cemal G\u00fcrsel ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki Milli Birlik Komitesi’ne defalarca \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da bulundu. Bunun \u00fczerine Komite, Celal Bayar, Adnan Menderes, Hasan Polatkan ve Fatin R\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc Zorlu d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndakilerin idam cezas\u0131n\u0131 affetti. Celal Bayar’\u0131n cezas\u0131 ya\u015f haddi nedeniyle \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu hapse \u00e7evrildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Menderes ise 17 Eyl\u00fcl 1961’de sa\u011fl\u0131k muayenesini yapan doktor heyetinden “sa\u011flam” raporu al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, \u0130mral\u0131 Adas\u0131’na g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130lk durak, komutan\u0131n odas\u0131 oldu. \u0130dam karar\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcne okundu. Menderes’in dilinden “Allah milletimize zeval vermesin” c\u00fcmlesi d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc. \u0130dam sehpas\u0131na gitmeden \u00f6nce din g\u00f6revlisi ile birka\u00e7 dakika konu\u015ftu. Ard\u0131ndan beyaz g\u00f6mlek giydirildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Menderes’in idam sehpas\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonraki son s\u00f6zleri, “Hayata veda etmek \u00fczere oldu\u011fum \u015fu anda devletim ve milletime ebedi saadetler dilerim. Bu anda kar\u0131m\u0131 ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131m\u0131 \u015fefkatle an\u0131yorum…” oldu. Menderes, 17 Eyl\u00fcl’de saat 13.21’de \u0130mral\u0131 Adas\u0131’nda idam edildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
“Yeter s\u00f6z milletindir” diyerek \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 siyaset yolunda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye hayalini, politikalar\u0131 ve kalk\u0131nma at\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Menderes ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 “demokrasi \u015fehidi” olarak tarihe ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00fcrkiye’nin \u00f6nemli siyasi isimleri aras\u0131nda yer alan Menderes, T\u00fcrk halk\u0131n\u0131n zihnine “milletin adam\u0131” olarak kaz\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
As\u0131ls\u0131z iddialar g\u00fcndeme getirilerek 6-7 Eyl\u00fcl olaylar\u0131ndan sorumlu tutulan Fatin R\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc Zorlu, 1912’de \u0130stanbul’da d\u00fcnyaya geldi. Galatasaray Lisesi, Paris Siyasi \u0130limler Mektebi ve Cenevre Hukuk Fak\u00fcltesi’nde okudu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1932’de Siyaset Dairesi 2. \u015eubesinde Aday Meslek Memuru olarak g\u00f6reve ba\u015flayan Zorlu, devlette \u00e7e\u015fitli g\u00f6revlerde yer ald\u0131. 1952’de Kuzey Atlantik Pakt\u0131 Paris T\u00fcrkiye Daimi Temsilcili\u011fine B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7i Daimi Temsilci olarak atanan Zorlu, 1954’teki se\u00e7imlerde Demokrat Parti’den \u00c7anakkale milletvekili se\u00e7ildi ve 1957-1960 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda da D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hakk\u0131ndaki su\u00e7lamalar, Yass\u0131ada’daki di\u011fer 19 davayla birle\u015ftirilerek idam cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Zorlu’nun cezas\u0131 16 Eyl\u00fcl 1961’de sabaha kar\u015f\u0131 infaz edildi. \u0130dama b\u00fcy\u00fck bir metanetle giden Zorlu, kendisine dini telkinde bulunan hocan\u0131n, Arap\u00e7a kelimeleri telaffuzda d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hatalar\u0131 d\u00fczeltti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kollar\u0131 arkadan ba\u011flanan Zorlu, ba\u015fsavc\u0131ya son bir ricada bulundu. Ellerinin \u00f6nden ba\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 isteyen Zorlu’ya, bunun kanunen imkans\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zorlu’nun idam\u0131ndan \u00f6nce ailesine mektup yazma istedi\u011fi de ba\u015fsavc\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan k\u0131sa olmak ko\u015fulu ile kabul edildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fatin R\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc Zorlu, mektubunda, annesi Hatice G\u00fczide Han\u0131m, e\u015fi Emel Han\u0131m, k\u0131z\u0131 Sevin ve a\u011fabeyi B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7i R\u0131fk\u0131 Zorlu’ya \u015f\u00f6yle seslendi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
“Sevgili Anneci\u011fim, Emelci\u011fim, Sevinci\u011fim ve A\u011fabeyci\u011fim. \u015eimdi Cenab\u0131hakk’\u0131n huzuruna \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yorum. Sakinim, huzur i\u00e7indeyim. Benim i\u00e7in \u00fcz\u00fclmeyin. Sizlerin de sakin ve huzur i\u00e7inde ya\u015faman\u0131z beni daima m\u00fcsterih edecektir. Bir ve beraber olun. Allah’\u0131n takdiri b\u00f6yleymi\u015f. Hizmet ettim ve \u015ferefimi daima muhafaza ettim. Anne, siz sevdiklerimi muhafaza edin ve Allah’\u0131n inayetiyle onlar\u0131n huzurunu temin edin. Hepinizi Allah’a emanet eder, tekrar \u00fcz\u00fclmemenizi ve hayata berdevam olarak beni huzur i\u00e7inde b\u0131rakman\u0131z\u0131 rica ederim. Allah memleketi korusun.”<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Gen\u00e7 ya\u015flarda ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00e7evresinin takdirini kazanan Hasan Polatkan, 1915’te Eski\u015fehir’de d\u00fcnyaya geldi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hasan Polatkan, e\u011fitim ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 okullar\u0131 birincilikle bitirdi. Okul y\u0131llar\u0131nda ticari, iktisadi konular\u0131 i\u00e7eren yay\u0131nlara ilgi duyan Polatkan’\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye ekonomisi hakk\u0131ndaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin netle\u015fmesi de bu d\u00f6neme denk geldi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fak\u00fcltesi Maliye B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc’n\u00fc 1936’da bitiren Polatkan, mezuniyetinin hemen ard\u0131ndan Ziraat Bankas\u0131 M\u00fcfetti\u015f Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 olarak atand\u0131. Polatkan, Ekim 1936’da askere gitti ve terhisi akabinde Ziraat Bankas\u0131’ndaki g\u00f6revine d\u00f6nd\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Polatkan, Temmuz 1946’da yap\u0131lan se\u00e7imlerde Eski\u015fehir’den Demokrat Parti aday\u0131 olarak milletvekili se\u00e7ildi. Eski\u015fehir’in K\u0131r\u0131m Tatarlar\u0131ndan Seyit \u00c7iftkurt’un k\u0131z\u0131 Mutahhare Han\u0131m’la 1949 y\u0131l\u0131nda evlendi. Evlili\u011finden Sema ve Nilg\u00fcn ad\u0131nda iki k\u0131z \u00e7ocu\u011fu olan Polatkan’\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6zelliklerinden biri de ailesine d\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyd\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Polatkan, May\u0131s 1950 se\u00e7imlerinde yine Eski\u015fehir’den Demokrat Parti milletvekili se\u00e7ilirken, birinci Adnan Menderes h\u00fck\u00fcmetinde \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Bakan\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rev ald\u0131. \u0130stifa eden Halil Ayan’\u0131n yerine Maliye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na getirilen Polatkan, ikinci ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Adnan Menderes h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerinde de bu g\u00f6revi y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Polatkan, Aral\u0131k 1955’te bu g\u00f6revden istifa ederken, bir sene sonra Aral\u0131k 1956’da tekrar Maliye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na getirildi. 27 Ekim 1957’de yap\u0131lan genel se\u00e7imlerde Eski\u015fehir’den d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc defa Demokrat Parti milletvekili se\u00e7ilen Polatkan, askeri darbeye kadar bu g\u00f6revini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hasan Polatkan, Ba\u015fbakan Menderes’le 26 May\u0131s 1960’ta Eski\u015fehir’deki programlara kat\u0131l\u0131rken, askeri darbenin y\u00f6netime el koydu\u011funu sabah saatlerinde e\u015fi Mutahhare Polatkan’dan \u00f6\u011frendi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Menderes’le birlikte K\u00fctahya’ya ge\u00e7en Polatkan, burada ihtilal kuvvetleri taraf\u0131ndan tutuklanarak Ankara Harp Okuluna sevk edildi. Polatkan, burada bir s\u00fcre bekletildikten sonra di\u011fer Demokrat Partililerle birlikte Yass\u0131ada’ya g\u00f6nderildi. Ailesi ziyaretleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda, bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te i\u015fkenceye de maruz kalan Polatkan’\u0131n elinin \u00fczerinde sigara yan\u0131klar\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rd\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yass\u0131ada’daki k\u00f6t\u00fc muamelelere dayanamayan Polatkan’\u0131n bir askere, “Bizi \u00f6ld\u00fcrecekseniz hemen \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcn ama l\u00fctfen bu hakaretleri durdurun. Art\u0131k tahamm\u00fcl edemiyorum.” feryad\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu ailesi taraf\u0131ndan dile getirildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Polatkan, 14 Ekim 1960’ta ba\u015flayan duru\u015fmalarda, “Ali \u0130par, Barbara, Ankara ve \u0130stanbul Olaylar\u0131, Anayasay\u0131 \u0130hlal ile Vinileks” dosyalar\u0131ndan yarg\u0131land\u0131. Uzun yarg\u0131lamalar sonras\u0131 su\u00e7lu bulunan Polatkan, 15 Eyl\u00fcl 1961’de idam edilece\u011fini \u00f6\u011frendi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n “CHP Mallar\u0131n\u0131n Yasayla Hazineye Aktar\u0131lmas\u0131 Davas\u0131” san\u0131klar\u0131ndan Polatkan, son savunmas\u0131nda, “CHP Mallar\u0131n\u0131n Hazineye \u0130adesi Kanunu”nun alt\u0131nda imzas\u0131 olan ancak daha sonra Demokrat Parti’den istifa eden vekiller yerine kendisinin neden bu kanundan dolay\u0131 yarg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sorarak yarg\u0131lamadaki usuls\u00fczl\u00fc\u011fe dikkati \u00e7ekmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Polatkan, 2 A\u011fustos 1961 tarihli son savunmas\u0131nda, Yass\u0131ada’da neden yarg\u0131land\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n as\u0131l sebebini \u015f\u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131:<\/p>\n\n\n\n “Diktaya gidi\u015f vehmine ve isnad\u0131na delil olarak g\u00f6sterilen CHP Mallar\u0131n\u0131n Hazineye \u0130adesi Kanunu’nu teklif eden, Meclis k\u00fcrs\u00fcs\u00fcnde m\u00fcdafaas\u0131n\u0131 yapan baz\u0131 mebuslar bug\u00fcn bu davan\u0131n m\u00fcsebbiplerinden olan CHP saf\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu i\u00e7in su\u00e7lular aras\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcyor. 1950’den 28 Nisan 1960 tarihine kadar 10 y\u0131l mebusluk yapan ve 27 May\u0131s’tan bir ay \u00f6nce istifa edenler de su\u00e7lular aras\u0131nda de\u011fil. O halde itham edilmemizin, su\u00e7lu g\u00f6r\u00fclmemizin hakiki sebebini diktaya gidi\u015fe delil diye g\u00f6sterilen baz\u0131 kanunlar\u0131 kabul etmek de\u011fil, 27 May\u0131s 1960 g\u00fcn\u00fc Demokrat Parti iktidar\u0131n\u0131n kadrosu veya h\u00fck\u00fcmeti i\u00e7inde bulunmu\u015f olmam\u0131z te\u015fkil ediyor.”<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n 16 Eyl\u00fcl 1961’de sabaha kar\u015f\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen infazdan \u00f6nce yan\u0131na gelenler aras\u0131nda bulunan hem\u015fehrisi bir \u00fcste\u011fmenle konu\u015fan Polatkan’\u0131n son s\u00f6zleri ise “Kar\u0131ma ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131ma s\u00f6yleyin, su\u00e7suzum. Allah’a ve vicdan\u0131ma g\u00fcveniyorum. Ayn\u0131 s\u00f6zleri anneme ve karde\u015flerime de s\u00f6yleyin.” oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Dara\u011fac\u0131na getirilen Polatkan, sandalyenin \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131p boynuna ilmek tak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise “\u0130p, g\u00f6mle\u011fimin \u00fczerinde kalmas\u0131n” diyerek hayata g\u00f6zlerini yumdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n TBMM taraf\u0131ndan 11 Nisan 1990’da kabul edilen kanunla Menderes ve onunla idam edilen arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n itibarlar\u0131 iade edildi. Ayn\u0131 kanun uyar\u0131nca Menderes, Polatkan ve Zorlu’nun naa\u015flar\u0131, 17 Eyl\u00fcl 1990’da \u0130mral\u0131’dan al\u0131narak devlet t\u00f6reniyle \u0130stanbul Vatan Caddesi’nde yapt\u0131r\u0131lan an\u0131t mezara ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 27 May\u0131s 1960 darbesinin ard\u0131ndan 592 ki\u015finin yarg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu yarg\u0131lamalar\u0131n sonunda Ba\u015fbakan Adnan Menderes, D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Fatin R\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc Zorlu ve Maliye Bakan\u0131 Hasan Polatkan’\u0131n idam\u0131na karar verilen Marmara’daki Yass\u0131ada ise darbenin 60. y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde Demokrasi ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler Adas\u0131 ad\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u00dczerinden 65 y\u0131l ge\u00e7ti, 27 May\u0131s 1960 tarihinde demokrasiye vurulan darbe asla unutulmad\u0131. T\u00fcrk demokrasi tarihinin kara lekelerinden 1960 askeri darbesi sonras\u0131 Yass\u0131ada’daki yarg\u0131lamalar sonucu idam edilen Adnan Menderes ile D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Fatin R\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc Zorlu ve Maliye Bakan\u0131 Hasan Polatkan’\u0131n vefat\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinden 64 y\u0131l ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3829,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[627,630],"class_list":["post-3828","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gundem","tag-adnan-menderes","tag-yassiada"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.trabzonmanset.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3828","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.trabzonmanset.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.trabzonmanset.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.trabzonmanset.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.trabzonmanset.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3828"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.trabzonmanset.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3828\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3835,"href":"https:\/\/www.trabzonmanset.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3828\/revisions\/3835"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.trabzonmanset.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3829"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.trabzonmanset.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3828"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.trabzonmanset.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3828"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.trabzonmanset.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3828"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Polatkan, 1946 se\u00e7imlerinde milletvekili se\u00e7ildi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Darbeyi e\u015finden \u00f6\u011frendi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Yarg\u0131lanmas\u0131na sebep olan kanunun alt\u0131nda imzas\u0131 olanlar yarg\u0131lanmad\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Polatkan’\u0131n son s\u00f6zleri<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
1990’da itibarlar\u0131 iade edildi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n